[11], Unlike most livestock farming in England at this time, the duck breeders and duck rearers of Aylesbury formed two separate groups. Crest : On a Wreath Argent and Gules issuant from a Wreath of plaited Straw a Mount thereon an Aylesbury Duck all proper. The Aylesbury duck is a breed of domesticated duck, bred mainly for its meat and appearance. The price of duck food rose steeply while the demand for luxury foodstuffs fell,[30] and wartime restructuring ended the beneficial financial arrangements with the railway companies. The town was a focal point in the English Civil War in the 17th century. We now have Aylesbury Ducks and Aylesbury ducklings for sale. Sadly, there isn’t that much information with regard to the origin of the Aylesbury Duck. The breed was originally called ‘White English‘ until 1815. It is a very old breed which was developed around the early 18th Century from the town of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire, England. [28] While most breeders would give the ducks a healthy meal before the show to calm them, some breeders would force-feed the ducks with sausage or worms, to get them to as heavy a weight as possible. Before the show, their legs and feet would be washed, their bills trimmed with a knife and sandpapered smooth, and their feathers brushed with linseed oil. Uses: Table. ORIGIN. Fertilised eggs were brought into the town's "Duck End", where local residents would rear the ducklings in their homes. The exception was shortly before slaughter, when the ducklings would be taken for one swim in a pond, as it helped them to feather properly.[18]. [16] The area had a number of open ditches filled with stagnant water, and outbreaks of malaria and cholera were common. Aylesbury Duck The Aylesbury is a duck of English origin bred primarily for meat production. [33] Although the number of ducks raised nationwide continued to grow, between 1890 and 1900 the number of ducks raised in the Aylesbury area remained static, and from 1900 it began to drop. Aylesbury ducks are one of the larger ducks but still lay very well, good laying strain around 150 eggs a year. Aylesbury duck is bred mainly for it’s beautiful appearance and meat. Mrs Beeton's Book of Household Management, "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)", "Richard Waller Breeder of Authentic Aylesbury Ducks: About Us", "Buckinghamshire: Defunct Brewery Livery", "Licensing of Public Entertainment at the Aylesbury Duck Public House, Jackson Road, Aylesbury", The Aylesbury Duck – Aylesbury Vale District Council, Richard Waller Breeder of Authentic Aylesbury Ducks, Domestic Waterfowl Club...Aylesbury Ducks, List of Parliamentary constituencies in Buckinghamshire, List of civil parishes in Buckinghamshire, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aylesbury_duck&oldid=999200359, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 9 January 2021, at 00:04. [1][note 1], An Aylesbury duckling incubates in the egg for 28 days. [4] The cottages had inadequate ventilation and lighting,[16] and no running water. “The Aylesbury was originally developed to be table fowl, and was bred in large numbers for that purpose,” says Mower. The common duck varied in colour, and as in the wild, white ducks would occasionally occur. Richard Parkinson St. John Priest, Secretary to the Norfolk Agricultural Society, reporting on Aylesbury to the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement, 1813, The Duck End was one of the poorer districts of Aylesbury. Prominent among the many duck breeders was John Weston (1770 - 1825). [25][note 6], In 1845, the first National Poultry Show was held, at the Zoological Gardens in London; one of the classes of poultry exhibited was "Aylesbury or other white variety". [8], Aylesbury ducks, meanwhile, were becoming inbred, meaning fertile eggs were scarcer and the ducks were more susceptible to disease. [14] As ducks lay their eggs at night, the ducks would be brought indoors overnight. Their breeding success was believed to come from a handy supply of white gravel found in the local streams which gave the birds their pale pink bills. In fact, currently (2011), there appears to be only one pure-bred flock remaining in England. Over the 19th century selective breeding for size, shape and colour led to the Aylesbury duck. [24] On 1 October 1863 the Wycombe Railway also built a line to Aylesbury, from Princes Risborough railway station to a station on the western side of Aylesbury (the present-day Aylesbury railway station). Although there were a few large-scale duck rearing operations in Aylesbury, raising thousands of ducklings each season, the majority of Aylesbury's duckers would raise between 400 and 1,000 ducklings each year. Originally this duck was called White English but in the early 1800s. 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Duck rearing became a major industry in Aylesbury in the 19th century. The First World War badly damaged the remaining duck industry in Buckinghamshire, wiping out the small scale producers and leaving only a few large farms. Richard is the 6th generation of a family of Aylesbury duck breeders and poultry farmers with a history going back to circa 1775. [24] The arrival of the railway had a powerful impact on the duck industry, and up to a ton of ducks in a night were being shipped from Aylesbury to Smithfield Market in London by 1850. [1] Before the 18th century, duck breeds were rarely recorded in England, and the common duck, bred for farming, was a domesticated form of the wild mallard. Sometimes the "stock" ducks are the cottager's own property, but it more frequently happens that they are intrusted to his care by a wholesale breeder, who pays him so much per score for all ducklings properly raised. For most of the nineteenth century vast quantities were bred locally for the London market, many by small breeders as a second occupation. You will often see ducks labeled as Aylesburies that have an orange bill. The common duck varied in colour, and as in the wild, white ducks would occasionally occur. They have a characteristically straight, deep keel that nearly reaches the ground. Round the walls of the living-rooms, and of the bedroom even, are fixed rows of wooden boxes, lined with hay; and it is the business of the wife and children to nurse and comfort the feathered lodgers, to feed the little ducklings, and to take the old ones out for an airing. [40] As of 2013, the breed was listed as critically endangered in the United States by The Livestock Conservancy. [6] Over time, selective breeding of the English White for size and colour gradually led to the development of the Aylesbury duck. [43] The Aylesbury Brewery Company, now defunct, featured the Aylesbury duck as its logo, an example of which can still be seen at the Britannia pub. In a living room it was no uncommon sight to meet with young ducks of different ages, divided in pens and monopolizing the greatest space of the apartment, whilst expected new arrivals often were carefully lodged in the bedchamber. The Aylesbury duck, once known as the “English duck,” is native to England, originating in the Vale of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire, an area established in duckling production. Its snowy plumage and comfortable comportment make it a credit to the poultry-yard, while its broad and deep breast, and its ample back, convey the assurance that your satisfaction will not cease at its death. From 1853 the Royal Agricultural Society and the Bath and West of England Society, the two most prominent agricultural societies in England, included poultry sections in their annual agricultural shows. [29], In 1873 the Pekin duck was introduced from China to Britain for the first time. By the 1860s the duck rearing industry began to move out of Aylesbury into the surrounding towns and villages, and the industry in Aylesbury itself began to decline. Aylesbury, the county town of Buckinghamshire, is a lively market town steeped in history. Aylesbury ducks are white but have pink beaks as opposed to the usual orange. Although pure ducks exist and are thriving as a breed most of those that the general public perceives as an Aylesbury are commercial meat crosses which are frequently pictured in children’s story books. [9] Originally the ducks would be kept in every room in the ducker's cottage, but towards the end of the 19th century they were kept in outdoor pens and sheds with suitable protection against cold weather. Aylesbury duck is very good natured and friendly. The exact origin of this breed is not clear. The unhatched eggs would be fed to the newly hatched ducklings. The ducks are all mothers, and Aylesbury duckling incubates from the egg to 28 days. [5] The duck farmers of Aylesbury went to great lengths to ensure the ducks retained their white colouring, keeping them clear of dirty water, soil with a high iron content and bright sunlight, all of which could discolour the ducks' feathers. For the past eight years, she has been raising Aylesbury ducks. [35][38][39], Aylesbury ducks were imported into the United States in 1840, although they never became a popular breed. The precise origins of the breed are unclear, but raising white ducks became popular in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, in the 18th century owing to the demand for white feathers as a filler for quilts. The precise origin of the Aylesbury duck is unclear. Aylesburies are all white with a pale pink bill, orange feet, and white skin. The Aylesbury duck s are suitable for meat, show and also for raising as pets. The precise origin of the Aylesbury duck is unclear. [1] Since at least the 1690s ducks had been farmed in Aylesbury,[3] and raising English Whites became popular in Aylesbury and the surrounding villages. [10], Stock ducks would be chosen from ducklings hatched in March, with a typical breeder keeping six males and twenty laying females at any given time. The ducks originated in Aylesbury in England, hence their name. They would then generally be replaced, to reduce the problems of inbreeding. Aylesburys were exhibited in 1849 at the inaugural poultry show in Boston, Massachusetts and were included in the first publication of American Standard of Perfection published in 1874 by … This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. [20], The market for duck meat in Aylesbury itself was small, and the ducks were generally sent to London for sale. Historically they were walked from the Vale of Aylesbury to London (40 miles max). The precise origins of the breed are unclear, but raising white ducks became popular in Aylesbury, Buckinghamshire, England, in the 18th century owing to the demand for white feathers as a filler for quilts. [22] Built under the direction of Robert Stephenson,[23] it connected the London and Birmingham Railway's Cheddington railway station on the West Coast Main Line to Aylesbury High Street railway station in eastern Aylesbury. The Aylesbury Duck is a distinct breed, always white with a pale pink beak and orange feet. [9] Until eight weeks after hatching, the time of their first moult, ducks and drakes (females and males) are almost indistinguishable. The breed was developed in the beginning of the 18 th century and the ducks were bred by many small breeders at the time. And it was listed as critically endangered (as of 2013) in the United States by The Livestock Conservancy. Other articles where Aylesbury is discussed: poultry farming: Ducks and geese: Although the white-fleshed Aylesbury was once the favoured meat duck in England, disease and market competition from the yellow-fleshed Pekin duck have led to its decline. The birds where originally called the White English, but by the early 1800s the Aylesbury duck was so famous that the birds became known as the Aylesbury. The common duck varied in colour, and as in the wild, white ducks would occasionally occur. [20], On 15 June 1839 the entrepreneur and former Member of Parliament for Buckingham, Sir Harry Verney, 2nd Baronet, opened the Aylesbury Railway. Records of the first poultry show in 1845 show classes for 'Aylesbury or other … But it never became popular there. Aylesbury ducklings' drinking water was laced with grit from Long Marston and Gubblecote;[17] this grit also gave their bills their distinctive pinkish colour. Arms : Gyronny of six Gules and Sable a Mute Swan rousant proper on a Chief Or a Saxon Crown Gules. Teebay’s view on the Cayuga’s origin was supported by an un-named acquaintance who hunted and trapped extensively the Cayuga region and was familiar with both domestic breeds. History: The Aylesbury duck race (like Orpington) owes its name to its place of origin, the Aylesbury Valley, England. Located at the foot of the Chiltern Hills and at the heart of the rich agricultural Vale of Aylesbury. Aylesbury duck is bred mainly for it’s beautiful appearance … The breed was developed in the beginning of the 18 th century and the ducks were bred by many small breeders at the time. When it came time to sell the ducks, they were walked to market in London. BREEDING. [1][7], Unlike the Rouen duck, the other popular meat variety in England in the 19th century, Aylesbury ducks lay eggs from early November. [1] White ducks were particularly prized, as their feathers were popular as a filler for quilts. Facts: The Aylesbury duck is a large, pure white duck that derives its name from the town of Aylesbury in Buckinghamshire. Along with producing white feathers, it was also popular for it’s meat, mainly for it’s white carcass. They have since become the heraldic emblem for the town as well. In terms of consumer spending power, the £20,000 profit for the Aylesbury duckers is equivalent to around about £1.9 million per year in 2021 terms, while the £80–£200 profit for a typical ducker equates to between £7,700 and £19,000 in 2021 terms. Our History. [9], Newly hatched Aylesbury ducklings are timid and thrive best in small groups, so the duckers would divide them into groups of three or four ducklings, each accompanied by a hen. Originally called ‘White English’ until 1815 …
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